The main role of intenal lubricant and its presentation

 intenal lubricant When the temperature reached 190 ℃, the primary particles begin to melt , polar lubricant , because good
compatibility with polyvinyl chloride , polyvinyl integrate most of the melt, the melt from the plasticizing effect in the . Due to
the non-polar lubricant solution compatible with Titanium dioxide rutile  the PVC melt is very small, most of the surface and pressed onto the interface
between the melt processing equipment , then, the metal melt is not a direct movement contacts , but with the viscosity of the lubricant liquid layer small stationary contact , the friction coefficient is less than a direct contact with the metal to be
smaller , which play an external lubricant is a lubricant such reasons . Tofurther illustrate the various stages of different
plastics processing requirements for lubricants , now extrusion PVC example: internal and external lubricant to illustrate the
major role played by the various parts of the processing machinery . Early  lubricant effect. This is a segment from the feed
zone to compress the time zone. PVC is mixed in the region and starts plasticization . Here the lubricant required to increase the
fluidity of the plastic to ensure smooth Calcium stearate  feeding . Therefore , in this region the main functions within the lubrication .  mid-
lubricant effect area. This is the region of the compression section to the metering section , and plasticized polyvinyl chloride
powder is completed here , in this process, the lubricant is required to reduce the friction during the flow of plastic to ensure
that the melt flow . Therefore , in this area mainly outside the lubrication function , intenal lubricant within the lubricant can
be reduced , but the melt flow , is also indispensable .  post lubrication. This is from the metering section to the metal mold
area. Here the melt is pressurized and fed into the molding die . In this region, the lubricant can reduce the required adhesion
between the melt and the mold surface , to facilitate the release , it is still the primary role of the lubricant . Since the
integral process , the general inner and outer lubrication of both the lubricant or lubricant compound . The role of the second
chapter of a lubricant to reduce melt viscosity in general, low melt viscosity , good fluidity , easy molding . Increasing the
temperature increases the thermal energy of the molecular motion , the relative reduction of the intermolecular forces , the melt
viscosity decreased, increased mobility . Polyvinyl chloride resin decomposition temperature of about 130 ~ 140 ℃, well below the
processing temperature of rigid PVC (185 ~ 205 ℃), so that by increasing the temperature to reduce the viscosity of the resin melt
is limited. Therefore, raising the temperature also means increased energy consumption , while extending the product cooling time ,
reducing production efficiency. Reducing the Stabilizers for pipe  molecular weight of the resin , the resin viscosity can be reduced while also reducing
the Vicat softening point and other mechanical properties. Adding a lubricant , and its purpose is to reduce the melt viscosity of
the resin to improve the fluidity of the polymer . 2 , to promote inter- capillary adsorption ( chemisorption ) Due to the
plasticizing effect of the lubricant with polar , plasticized resin is formed in front of the gap between the resin particles to
the segment between the resin particles and molecules . Junction by polar group phase lubricant into Los combined with resin chain , thus weakening the force between the resin particles and molecules between thechain is broken . In this case, the branch
subjected to heat and shear force , the molecular chains of the resin can be easily entangled original stretch , each expansion ,
penetration, the boundaries between the resin particles disappear , thus promoting plasticization . 3, to reduce the frictional
heat , the friction material is typically a thermoplastic , resin melt production process requires sufficient melt strength to
produce . Example ① rolling production process - plate production . Requested the extension of the melt resin peeling rollers ,
there must be adequate melt strength. Example ② blow molding production - blowing production . Requirements melt sufficient melt
strength to ensure that when a plastic , not because of increased melt strength and melt enough natural droop , resulting in
products of uneven thickness . The melt strength and melt viscosity of the size are dependent on the size of the force in the resin
between molecular chains . Therefore, in general, the melt strength and melt viscosity of the resin between the resin in the
molecule are different in different circumstances such that the expression of the role . The melt strength and melt viscosity
generally proportional to : the greater the melt strength, melt viscosity increases. The greater the melt viscosity of the resin ,
molding the greater the shearing force . The greater the shear force , the greater the friction . The principle for easy
decomposition characteristics of PVC is extremely unfavorable , can cause localized overheating within the resin decomposition.
Quality of both internal and external lubricants lubricants , lubricating parts of the outer rigid PVC can reduce frictional heat.
Internal lubrication also reduces the viscosity and the melt strength of the resin . Therefore, reducing the melt viscosity of the
resin , reduce friction heat , friction, force must be reduced within the resin molecules. Reduction of the interaction between the
resin melt , resulting in decrease in strength of the resin melt . G32-1 compound grease polar functional group is to reduce the
viscosity of the polyvinyl chloride resin , plasticized promote critical . Increasing the polarity of the non-polar group and a
lubricated interface PVC , PVC space segment only increased displacement or movement of the base to increase lubricity and reduce
internal friction and due to friction movement of the segments caused by displacement or generation of heat . 4 , a mixture of a
polar resin adhesive adhering hot metal surfaces of processing equipment is veryimportant . Initial feed processing equipment ,
low temperature, the resin mixture adhesion to metals , such as proper adhesion of the screw and barrel in the extrusion process .
In the calendering process , such as appropriate viscosity resin roller double roller can effectively heat and mechanical energy
conduction promoting plasticization . If the material over adhesion, the polymer local residence time is too long, causing
localized overheating of materials , thermal degradation , affecting product quality and appearance. If alone , such as : PE wax,
paraffin wax , stearic acid and other non -polar materials will " slip " is not conducive to rapid production . Adding an
appropriate amount G32-1 polymer composite lubricant grease to balance a reasonable balance mechanism in the polymer is the key . 5 , the delay in the plasticized polyvinyl chloride resin blend , the PE melting wax, paraffin wax , stearic acid and other non -
polar substances , wetting of the resin solid particles

In the actual performance of the lubricant with a variety of plastics processing

The actual performance of the lubricant with a variety of plastic materials, such as kneading, the rolling process to prevent adhesion of the polymer cartridge suppressing friction and heat, and the load torque decreases kneading, thereby preventing the polymer material thermal degradation. In the extrusion molding, to improve flowability, the polymer material and  WSD one pack stabilizer to improve adhesion of the barrel and the die, to prevent and reduce retentate. Another film but also to improve the appearance and gloss. From the perspective of processing machinery, in mixing, rolling, etc. slush molding process, external lubricant has an important role in extrusion, injection molding, the lubricant is more effective.
The amount of lubricant is generally 0.5% to 1%, the choice should pay attention to the following aspects:
Flow properties (1) of the polymer molding process needs have been met, then the role of the main considerations lubrication to ensure internal and external balance;
(2) the effectiveness of the lubrication, it can be in the temperature during molding, the plastic surface to form a complete liquid film, and may be so close to the melting point of the lubricant outside the molding temperature, but to a difference of 10 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ order to form a complete film;
(3) When selecting a lubricant in production, should make WSD PVC lubricants  it meet the following requirements:
(4) compatibility with moderate size, internal, external lubrication balance resin; non-blooming, easy to scale;
(5) surface gravity is small, small viscosity, at the interface of scalable, easy to form an interface layer;
(6) as far as possible without reducing the WSD Polyethylene wax  excellent properties of the polymer, does not affect the performance of the secondary processing of plastics;
(6) itself is excellent in heat resistance and chemical stability, does not decompose during processing, non-volatile;
(7) non-corrosive, does not pollute the film, there is no toxicity.

Some simple analysis of heat stabilizer for shoes

A) cadmium, zinc soap is typical of early-type heat stabilizers, can quickly absorb HCL, and effectively substituted with carboxylate PVC unstable chlorine atom in the catalytic chain Cd, Zn, thereby effectively suppressing early degradation and coloring , but because of the WSD Plastic impact modifier  consumption of fast and transformation products CdC12, ZnC12, but also off the HCL efficient catalyst PVC, PVC and thus lead to the degradation of the material suddenly vicious black, so poor long-term thermal stability.
2) barium, calcium soaps are typically long-term thermal stabilizers, absorption HCL function only and therefore can not inhibit coloring PVC, but the conversion product BaC12, CaC12 do not have  WSD zinc stearate catalytic activity, does not cause a sudden black PVC, long-term heat stability better.
3) fatty acids, organic tin are intermediate, both absorption HCL, can effectively replace with carboxylate unstable chlorine atoms PVC chain, and transformation products do not have catalytic activity.
4) mercaptan organotin it has versatile features, while a variety of mechanisms can stabilize PVC, transformation products do not WSD Polyethylene wax  have catalytic activity, and therefore both excellent initial and long-term thermal stability effect. First of cadmium and zinc compounds are used as stabilizers because of their transparency, and can maintain the original color of PVC products. Long term thermal stability provided by the pot is much smaller than the barium and zinc compounds. They tend to be very small in the case of threatened or without warning, suddenly completely degraded.

The main uses of plastics processing aids and recipes

1 , inorganic non-halogen flame retardants account for an important position among alumina trihydrate and magnesium hydroxide mixed use, you can use a large amount of alumina trihydrate endothermic ( absorbs heat of crystallization water vapor ) , inhibition of the burning surface temperature ; use of magnesium hydroxide to raise the  oxygen index and promote charring effect, because the surface of the polymer film can also play with the charring prevent burning effect. In addition , the development of new varieties of antimony oxide is also a non- halogen flame retardant development in another direction . Plasticizers ; are added to plastics to Flame retardant  increase the system without affecting the plastic nature of the material properties of the polymer . External plasticizer : generally applied to the polymerization system less volatile high-boiling liquid or low melting solids . Plasticizers : the polymer is introduced during the polymerization to reduce the crystallinity of the polymer chain increases the plasticity of the second monomer material plastics. Primary plasticizer ; both molecules inserted in the amorphous region of the polymer plasticizer is inserted while the crystalline regions , which is also called a plasticizer solvent plasticizer . Auxiliary plasticizer ; inserted only partially crystalline molecular plasticizer amorphous regions of the polymer , the plasticizer, the plasticizer is also called non-solvent . Compatibility: the ability to dissolve the plasticizer and resin mixed with each other , and is one of the most basic requirements of plasticizer . Cohesive energy density (CED): energy per unit volume of solvent evaporation . Solubility parameters : the square root organic pigments  of the value of the energy of vaporization per unit volume of solvent. Cloud point (Tc): dilute homogeneous polymer solution and a plasticizer , at a temperature becomes cloudy during cooling . By measuring the cloud point can be estimated plasticizer and resin compatibility. The lower the cloud point , a plasticizer compatible with the polymer , the better. Plasticizing efficiency ; plasticizing efficiency of the resin reaches a certain degree of softness is called the amount of plasticizer plasticizer . Plasticizing efficiency is a relative value , the plasticizer can be used to compare the plasticizing effect . The method used for representing plasticizing efficiency glass transition temperature (Tg) and reduce the decrease in modulus is represented . Oxidation of the polymer is the time increases with the decrease of the performance of the polymer , also known as auto-oxidation . Into the induction period , a strong oxidizing period . Antioxidants ; refers to polymers by oxidation and slow the aging phenomenon can play the role of a class of chemicals. Primary antioxidant ; antioxidant is considered to be the main cleaning agent, a free radical , it is through the coupling reaction ( i.e., the termination reaction) to give a hydrogen atom or to prevent the damaging effects of free radicals in the polymer . Secondary antioxidants ; role of antioxidants is to help decompose the peroxide oxidation of the resulting polymer . Antioxidants including an aid phosphite 2 , 3 thioether antioxidants , metal deactivators metal ion deactivators ; preventing the heavy metal ion induced oxidation of the resulting polymer material , often referred to as metal ions blunt agent or a metal deactivator , a metal chelating agent , also known as copper inhibitors. Stabilizer: to prevent or retard the polymer during processing, storage and use of chemical aging deterioration . Thermal stabilizers ; mainly for PVC and other chlorine-containing polymers , which will not affect the processing and application , but also a certain degree of thermal decomposition of delaying the action of a class of additives. Light stabilizers ; Where can inhibit or slow down the aging of optical oxygen substance called ultraviolet light stabilizer or stabilizers . Radical scavengers : a class of piperidine derivatives light stabilizer with steric effects , referred to as hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) - aging or photoaging : molecular material long-term or short-term exposure to the sun set under strong fluorescence , due to absorption of UV energy , causing auto-oxidation reaction , leading to degradation of the polymer , making the products discoloration, brittleness , performance degradation , which can not be reused. This process is called oxidative aging or photoaging light flame retardants ; able to increase the flame resistance of the material substance called flame retardants. They are mostly first periodic table V, compound VII and combustion speed of the group III element : refers to the length of the sample per unit time of combustion . Synergistic effect : refers to two or more with the use of additives , the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects when used alone . Synergy system : complex flame retardant with the use of the interaction between the flame-retardant to improve performance , the system is called a synergistic effect . Synergistic systems commonly antimony - halogen system , phosphorus halide system, phosphorus - nitrogen system . Burning speed: denotes the length of the sample per unit time of combustion . Burning speed is horizontal and vertical burning combustion method to measure too . Oxygen index: refers to the sample continued to burn like a candle shape , nitrogen - oxygen mixed gas stream must minimum oxygen content. External friction : polymer materials during the molding process , the polymer melt friction between the surface and processing  PVC stabilizer equipment . Friction : polymer material during the molding process , the molten polymer molecules exist between friction. Lubricants ; polymer to reduce friction and external friction , improved melt flow plastics , polymer material during processing to prevent the sticking of the device to ensure the surface smoothness of the added substance called lubricant. Lubricants : prior to processing the plastic ingredients , add a certain compatibility with the polymer lubricant and uniformly dispersed into the material , can reduce the friction between the resin molecules sky lubrication. External lubrication in two ways: one is in the polymer material forming the lubricant coated on the surface processing apparatus , allowed to melt at processing temperatures , and the metal surface of a " thin layer " is formed , the plastic melt and processing equipment to isolate, without adhering to the equipment, or ease of stripping off the roll ; another is compatible with the polymer is very small , it is easy to migrate from inside the polymer during processing on the surface, thereby forming a spacer layer material , before the processing of the ingredients added to the plastic dispersion , and migration to the surface during processing , providing lubrication . Mold release agent: Mold and machining the workpiece remain completely chemically inert substance called a release agent . Blowing agents ; make a class of blowing agents are liquid or plastic state within a certain viscosity range of rubber, plastic material forming the microporous structure. Foaming additives: foaming process , and can be used with the blowing agent and to adjust the rate of decomposition of the blowing agent and decomposition temperature of the substance , or to improve the foaming process , the foam stability of the foam structure and improving the quality of the antistatic substance agent ; added to the resin , attached to the fuel or coated plastics , synthetic polymer material surface to prevent static electricity and liquid fuels hazard a class of chemical additives referred to as antistatic agents topical antistatic agents : the use of a coating , spray , dipping or the like so that it is attached to the plastic surface of the fiber , the durability is poor, it is also called temporary antistatic agent. In the antistatic agent used ( or kneaded antistatic agent ) : in the resin during processing ( or in the monomer during polymerization ) was added to the resin composition of an antistatic agent , because it has good durability , and called permanent antistatic agent. Coupling ; are able to improve between the filler and polymer material properties of a class of substances interface . There are two functional groups in its molecular structure : one can react with the polymer matrix , or at least a good chemical compatibility ; another forming a chemical bond with the inorganic filler . Colorants ; changes in the polymer product was added color additives to improve product appearance coloring power : means affect the ability of the paint colors mixed materials , coloring force, the smaller the amount of toner used , the cost is low . Tinting strength toner with their own characteristics , generally , the toner particle size is reduced , increasing the hiding power of the coloring power : the colorant prevents the penetration of light colored products , in other words , the problem is pointed to the size of the toner transparency , the greater the opacity , transparency worse. Mobility: the colorant to the media to material in contact bleeding or migration phenomenon. In general , inorganic salts of organic acids ( lake pigment ) migration is relatively small ; higher molecular weight were relatively low by migration of small . AR agent ; improve the transparency of the crystalline polymer additive generally used in polypropylene plastic , since the crystallization rate of the PP melt is relatively slow , large spherulites are formed easily , thus affecting its transparency. AR agents can join spherulites become microcrystalline structure , improve its transparency. Fluorescent brightener : plastics can increase the whiteness , brightness, making the colors more vibrant substance called optical brighteners. Can absorb invisible ultraviolet light , blue light into longer wavelength visible light or purple . Fungicides : ( biological inhibitors ) inhibit the growth of mold and mildew killing function . Fungicides suitable plastics mainly phenolic compounds , organometallic compounds , halogen-containing organic compounds, sulfur-containing organic compounds such as anti-fogging agent : also known as flow drops , the transparent material to prevent damage of a fog additives . Aging: In forming polymer materials , storage, structural changes in the use of the process, gradually lose value phenomenon fill in the blank plastic by nature : thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics. By Use : Universal plastics, engineering plastics . The production process of plastic , polymer, additives, processing equipment are the three main material condition. The main factors affecting the plasticizing analysis: polymer molecular force ( dispersion forces , induced forces and orientation force ) , the degree of crystallinity hydrogen plasticizer , PVC polymer resin is mainly used . Plasticizers increase presses reason : lubricating gel , free volume theory . The theory is generally considered : the plasticized polymer materials , is due to inter- molecular chain of the polymer material weaken the role of aggregation caused . Plasticizer molecules inserted between the polymer chains , the polymer chains between gravity weakens , increasing the mobility of the polymer chains , reduces the crystallinity of the polymer chains , thereby increasing the plastic polymer .

Calcium stearate uniform fine white powder

Calcium stearate uniform fine white powder. Melting point 145 ℃. Dissolved in toluene, ethanol, benzene and other organic solvents, insoluble in water. When heated to 400 ℃ slowly decomposed, flammable, met decomposition of stearic acid and corresponding calcium salt. There are absorbent, non-toxic.
Edit this paragraph purposes: heat stabilizers for PVC and other plastic processing lubricants, mold release agents and the like. In rigid products, and the base of lead salts, lead soap can increase the rate of gelation. Also used in food packaging, medical equipment and  Chrolinated polyethylene other requirements of non-toxic soft film and equipment. Can be made of polyethylene, polypropylene, halogen absorbers to eliminate the adverse effects of residual catalyst on the color and stability. As plasticizers in rubber processing, enabling natural rubber and synthetic rubber to soften the whole, and almost no effect on curing. Also used as polyolefin fibers and molded plastic lubricants, grease thickening agent, textile  aluminium stearate waterproofing agent, paint flatting agent, plasticizer manufacturing plastic labels and so on. Also used in pencil manufacturing and medicine, perfume industry. Calcium Stearate Formula: (C17H35COO) 2Ca Molecular Weight: 606 CAS NO.1592-23-0 gravity: 1.08 Technical Specifications: Index name Premium grade First grade Second grade calcium content% 6.5 ± 0.5 6.5 ± 0.6 6.5 ± 0.7 free acid (stearic acid)% ≤ 0.5 0.5 0.5 Heating loss% ≤ 2.0 3.0 3.0 Melting point ℃ 149-155 ≥ 140 ≥ 125 fineness (0.075mm sieve)% ≥ 99.5 99.0 99.0 impurities (grain) ≤ 6 12 - Micro residue (0.063mm sieve remaining)% ≤ 1.0 1.0 1.0 Whiteness% ≥ 95 90 -
Polyolefins, polyolefin acid neutralizer color stability and corrosion with direct contribution; lubricating / processing aluminium stearate  aids improve the polyolefins, polyamides, styrene-based rubber, and extrusion molding (film, fibers, copying, etc.), and press molding workability. For release of thermoplastics, thermoset rubber, and articles, such as polyurethane foam and an unsaturated polyester.

environmentally friendly non-toxic polymer composite lubrication P-80B significant performance

Efficient and environmentally friendly non-toxic polymer composite lubrication P-80A is a nontoxic compound efficient lubrication products. Efficient and environmentally friendly non-toxic Glycerol monostearate  polymer composite lubrication is Jianhong lubricant formulations plant the introduction of international advanced technology and processes, using imported raw materials and foreign PVC plastic manufacturing process and material properties, polymer developed excellent internal and external lubricant. Overcome the lack of trouble and slip agents processing performance on the traditional monomer. Add this product safe to use, easy to mix, more stable performance, reasonable adjustment formula in the case, has the following  Diethylene glycol dibenzoate remarkable properties:
1, reducing the coefficient of friction between molecules and promote plasticizing, stable and appropriate to reduce the amount of system products; has a good stripping effect, enhancing the surface finish and scratch resistance;
2, the melting point of the product is a wide range of PVC materials significantly enhance the free flow of processing and non-sticky, and thus increase productivity, reduce equipment wear and energy consumption, reduce product defect rate;
3, significant improvement fillers, pigments and other additives in the PVC dispersion resin, may be a corresponding increase in the amount of filler, and to products, color stability, increase the gloss;
4, the product both inside and outside  tio2 anatase of the late lubrication before PVC processing, within the recommended dosage is not blooming, no precipitation, with good stability.
Efficient and environmentally friendly non-toxic polymer composite lubrication P-80A Scope:
Efficient and environmentally friendly non-toxic polymer composite lubrication P-80A is widely used in non-transparent sheet

Anatase titanium dioxide synthesis of some of the elaborate

 Divided titanium dioxide anatase and rutile titanium dioxide two categories, but their production and synthesis method is not the same? Of course, is not the same, different titanium dioxide has a different production technology and production formula , and now we look anatase titanium dioxide synthesis methods and production processes it.
1 , the use of leaching firing . Containing 95% or more of natural barium oxide and anthracite 3:01 ( mass ) mixed plastic processing aid  feed barium sulfate , crushed to a diameter of about 2 cm below the reduction furnace , oven temperature control before 1000 1200 ℃ after the first 500? 600 ℃ , 80 , in turn reducing the speed of the furnace , the reaction conversion rate of 80% ? 90% of the sulfide obtained in the rotating extractor , the temperature control to 65 ℃ above , barium , barium sulfide content is 701 % and further refinement of the cylinder of zinc sulfate was added to clarify the reaction , zinc sulfate content of more than 28 % of the  lead stearate control , pH value of 8-9 , and the resulting mixture of barium sulfate and zinc sulfide has a density of 1.296 ? 1.357 g ╱ cc . Frame after pressing , the reaction mixture was filtered to obtain a cake , such as anatase type titanium dioxide , the water content of not more than 45 %, thus changing the crystal was dried calcined calcined anatase titania, and 80 ℃, temperature , using sulfuric acid. Finally wash, enhanced toner, pressure filtration, drying and grinding. 2, the prepared solution , barium sulfide , barite firing . Compressed zinc sulfate solution, the reaction with sulfuric acid and zinc oxide , po PVC stabilizer for wire  prepared by the metathesis reaction , to obtain a mixture of zinc sulfide and barium sulfate precipitation, and the precipitate was filtered under pressure , calcination, wet milling , drying, crushing , lithopone to be finished. He BAS zinc sulfide barium sulfate →
3, with the right system common titanium dioxide calcined product obtained by beating to , washed successively with sodium silicate , sodium aluminum sulfate or aluminum and a surface active agent for surface treatment , and then filtered , washed with water , dried , possibly .

Zinc stearate, plays an important role in the coating

Zinc stearate is mainly used in paint wood primer , since filling role in enhancing polish . Transparency, transparency of the coating effect is small, especially for transparent primer. With the direct method zinc stearate manufacturers slowly increased competitive pressures in the domestic zinc stearate coating performance has been dramatically improved. Zinc stearate coating , in addition to focusing on grinding and transparent , but also some other factors such as oil absorption , thickening , particle size, dispersion , etc. on the overall performance of methyl tin stabilizer  wood have also been affected. Zinc stearate mainly in wood primer has several technical indicators affect its paint performance: 1, polish
In wood primer , grinding performance in the paint is a very important indicator , the usual test method is the same coating formulation , spray plate while at the same time grinding test , there is no fixed standard . 2 , in a transparent primer transparency , transparency direct impact on the aesthetic appearance of wood . Thus , the production of zinc stearate, water can not be used in the transparent wood , mainly because of too many impurities . The direct method in the production of zinc stearate is able to meet the requirements of purity , but also very high demands on the process , different production processes a great impact on the transparency , there may be slight differences on the process of transparency led to huge differences 3 , thickening production of coatings thickened manufacturers of zinc stearate is acceptable because zinc stearate added to the paint finished products , to determine its viscosity , the factory already settled indicator , the error is even in ± 500mP · s, so the test method of thickening zinc stearate is generally used to test a rotational viscometer , the viscosity and good  yellow iron oxide dispersion if just a few hours after the deviation is greater than the viscosity 500mP · s, as thickening 4 , oil absorption amount of oil and thickening think not the same concept , oil volume ratio of added amount in the same conditions, make the product viscosity, the viscosity does not exceed a period of time the error value ± 500mP · s. Oil Absorption test standards "DIN ENISO787-5-1995", usually in the PU coating on the oil absorption is not much demand because of the production will not cause much impact, paint manufacturers have high requirements on oil absorption , it may be some paint manufacturers to add more solvent , but want to reduce solvent evaporation , we must find some high oil absorption material added to it , and the amount of zinc stearate oil relative to other additives are higher oil absorption 5 additives , particle size is to indicate the size of the indicator particles of zinc stearate , are  titanium dioxide anatase generally used to measure the fineness . The easiest test is usually the result fineness is the fastest scraper fineness, usually in alkyd resin by adding a certain percentage of zinc powder dispersion , then add a little solvent viscosity good tune , and then use Fineness gauge testing, such test results will be higher than the actual fineness little too large , because the resin powder is wrapped in possession of a certain thickness , but as long as comparable and reproducible set standards in this test method can be to measure whether the excessive fineness . 6 , dispersed in the paint manufacturing process , there are many manufacturers dispersion problems mentioned . Under normal circumstances , zinc stearate dispersed in the paint is not a problem , but in the production of zinc stearate , there will be some indicators will cause the dispersion of certain effects, such as zinc stearate acid value is too high, the temperature is too high semi workers pressure occurs when the package is too severe zinc in the coating dispersion bad problem , but if the water is too high in zinc crystals also occur problems are considered dispersion good.

PVC plastic formulations stabilizer design of the main idea of

PVC processed at high temperatures , can easily emit HCL, form unstable polyolefin structure . Meanwhile , HCL has a self- catalysis , will make further degraded PVC . In addition, if the presence of oxygen or iron, aluminum, zinc , tin, copper and cadmium ions , will catalyze the degradation of PVC , accelerate aging. Therefore, the plastic will be a variety of undesirable phenomena such as discoloration , deformation , cracking , mechanical strength , electrical insulation performance , brittle hair and so on. To solve these problems , the formula must be added stabilizers, in particular heat stabilizers is essential. For PVC stabilizers include thermal stabilizers, antioxidants , ultraviolet absorbers , and a chelating agent. Formulation design products according to the requirements and processing requirements of different species, different amounts of stabilizer. Heat stabilizer must be heat stabilizer for panel  able to capture the heat stabilizer having a pvc resin discharged from the catalytic HCL, or PVC resin can be produced with polyolefin structural instability reflected from the addition , to prevent or reduce the decomposition of PVC resin . Generally used in the formulation of the thermal stabilizer features, functions and products required to consider. For example: lead salt stabilizer is mainly used in hard products in . Lead salt stabilizer has good thermal stability , excellent electrical properties , low cost and so on. But its toxicity, easily contaminated products, can only produce opaque products. In recent years, compound stabilizer is a large number , one-component stabilizer has the danger of being replaced . Composite stabilizer is characterized by specific and strong , pollution, processing enterprises, the advantages of simple ingredients . However, no uniform standard, so each of the composite stabilizer vary greatly. Barium cadmium -based stabilizers is better performance of a heat stabilizers . Wider use of PVC plastic sheeting . Usually barium cadmium and zinc and organic phosphite antioxidant and use . Calcium zinc stabilizers can be used as non-toxic stabilizers used in food packaging and  triple pressed stearic acid medical devices, pharmaceutical packaging, but its stability is relatively low education , a large amount of calcium -based stabilizers when transparency is poor , easy to spray cream. Calcium zinc stabilizers are usually used polyols and antioxidants to improve its performance, the country has recently been used in rigid pipe Ca-Zn compound stabilizer appears. Organotin heat stabilizers better performance for rigid PVC products with a better variety of transparent products , especially toxic octyl tin packaging products almost become indispensable stabilizer, but its price is more expensive. Epoxy- type stabilizers usually used as secondary stabilizer. Such stabilizers and calcium barium cadmium zinc stabilizers are used together can improve the stability of light and heat , the drawback is easy to bleed . As well as the auxiliary stabilizer polyols, organic phosphites can . In recent years, there is also a rare earth -based stabilizers , and hydrotalcite -based stabilizer , a rare earth stabilizer is characterized by excellent processability , and hydrotalcite stabilizer is non-toxic . ( Two ) Antioxidant PVC products used in the processing of the process, due to heat , ultraviolet light oxidation , which generates free radicals and oxidative degradation related . Strand terminators primary antioxidant is also known as free radical scavenger . Its main role is Dioctyl phthalate  to combine with free radicals to form a stable compound , the chain reaction terminated , PVC with a primary antioxidant is generally bisphenol A. There secondary antioxidant or hydrogen peroxide decomposition agent , PVC secondary antioxidant as triphenyl phosphite and di-iso- octyl phenyl phosphite esters. Primary and secondary antioxidants can play with synergy. (C ) UV absorber PVC products used outdoors , because it is sensitive to the wavelength range by ultraviolet radiation , PVC molecules into the excited state , or a chemical bond is destroyed , causing radical chain reaction , and to promote the aging degradation of PVC . In order to improve UV resistance , often by adding an ultraviolet absorber .

Application performance organic pigments

 Organic Pigments Industrial Technology Development and other industrial technology, its applications continues to expand, higher demands , prompting the related technology to the deeper direction. Organic pigments its requirements can be summarized as follows: ① gentrification products that meet the metal coating durability, weather fastness , heat resistance, solvent resistance, and resistance to migration performance and other requirements ; ② organic pigments dosage of , the development of PVC processing aid  specific applications performance -specific products, such as water , oil , easy dispersibility , high transparency , heat resistance, excellent migration resistance new special formulations , having a high purity crystalline form of certain special features of the organic pigment.
 Applications department requirements to promote the rapid development of organic pigment industry technology , from classical organic synthesis reaction unit ( such as halogenation, nitration , reduction, condensation, diazotization, coupling reaction ) , filtration, separation, drying, grinding process gradually penetrate multidisciplinary areas such as solid state physics chemistry, morphology, powder surface chemistry, interfacial chemistry , solid solution and crystal chemistry , polymer chemistry and powder dispersion technology. Which highlights the research focus for the aluminum stearate  development of new varieties of structural pigments , colored crystal particle surface modification treatment technology, efficient pigment dispersion technology , organic pigments and commercial processing technology and application performance testing and evaluation.
( 1 ) novel chemical structure of the development of varieties pigment
Purpose is to improve the durability of paint , heat stability, resistance to weather fastness , solvent stability and resistance to migration performance ; bright shade , high  PVC foaming board stabilizer tinting strength yellow, orange , red, purple and brown varieties to meet with performance Dacron blue, green copper phthalocyanine pigment to match the requirements. The principal means of synthesis of new heterocyclic structure of the pigment , a good molecular planarity . Symmetry , with a specific substituent , change the molecular polarity , can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds , to improve heat stability and resistance to migration . Based paint durability ( light resistance, weather fastness , heat stability , solvent resistance and migration resistance , etc. ) of the level classification , grade ( high ) , or organic pigments HOP HGP (HighPerformanceOrganicPigments; HighGradePignents), has not only excellent application fastness properties , and value-added products , is high. Undoubtedly increasing organic pigment product formulations to meet specific application areas , high-performance requirements, will be an important trend in the future .

PVC processing some of the main trends

Business cards PVC futures , that the subject matter as pvc futures varieties. Namely polyvinyl chloride PVC (polyvinylchloride), the thermoplastic resin . With steel, wood, cement and said the four  plastic processing aid basic building materials, with PP, PE, ABS, PS and said five general-purpose resins, chlor-alkali industry is the largest organic consumption of chlorine products. Contents Introduction PVC PVC PVC physicochemical properties futures trade analysis profile status Exports Imports Consumption of PVC PVC futures Consumption Consumption regional characteristics of Chinese PVC PVC PVC futures main function is to provide enterprise risk avoidance and transfer tool for price discovery help companies out of the blind helps optimize PVC PVC futures price formation mechanism procedures to comply with the  red iron oxide standard delivery main delivery point delivery of PVC benchmark delivery to site selection and non- delivery to the reference design PVC futures risk premiums and discounts between the control and management methods ( a ) price limits system design ( two ) trading margin system design ( three ) position limits institutional design ( four ) forced open system, the large trade reporting system designed to spot PVC PVC futures most active areas of contrast with the electronic trading market PVC futures market price factors 1 , 2 supply and tio2 anatase  demand changes in the international crude oil market volatility four , five national policy changes , raw material price changes 6 , the export situation PVC futures and spot market relations existing PVC futures investment value ( a ) carry trade , a stable income through 2 of arbitrage , arbitrage through the plan period , three , through cross- breed

PVC processing aids some of the main applications

This uses the advanced polymerization techniques and drying process development high molecular weight polymer , PVC products can promote gelation , improve melt fluidity and improved processing Metal stearate  performance. Widely used in PVC profiles , sheet, pipe , pipe fittings and foam products .
Basic physical performance indicators:
Appearance: white flowing powder
Intrinsic viscosity (η) 25 ℃: 8.0 ~ 11.0
Particle size ( 40 mesh pass rate ) ≥ 98
Volatile (%) ≤ 1.0
Bulk density (g/cm3) 0.3 ~ 0.5
Application Features
 In PVC processing to add this product to promote gelation PVC , the melt fluidity is improved , thereby improving the  red iron oxide thermal melt strength and elongation , improved internal and surface quality products ; while reducing the melting time and increase productivity ; addition , can significantly reduce the variety of ingredients used in the processing of the deposition surface of the device , to ensure smooth production. High yield, high melt fluidity finish plasticizing fast , modified high efficiency cell uniformity , density and other characteristics.
Applications
 Non-transparent products, such as pipe fittings, profiles, sheet foam pipe foam panels.

Stabilizers for PVC and many kinds of different combinations

Stabilizers for PVC and many kinds of different combinations, generally can be classified according to the chemical composition of lead salts, metal soaps (such as stearic acid metal soaps, including barium, cadmium, calcium, lead and zinc soap, etc.), organic tin , epoxy esters and chelating agents (such as phosphorous Type).
Currently, lead salt stabilizer is still the  magnesium stearate largest amount of a class of stabilizers. In these products, a product can be made into powder, granular, flake and pellets can melt and so on. "One package" type products is likely to exist between additive synergies, thereby enhancing the stabilizing effect, and eliminates the need for cumbersome to calculate the amount of the aid to facilitate the user's use and storage, but also reduce the waste of resources and environmental pollution . Foreign markets products AKGros representative of Interlite series. Lead salt heat stabilizer lower than the average growth rate of demand growth or negative growth trend, while the tribasic lead sulphate  complex (especially non-toxic Ca / Zn) heat stabilizers demand growing faster than average growth rate, the reason is that strict environmental regulations worldwide oriented, national attention to the environment due to human survival. Due to the global limit toxic heavy metal salts in the PVC processing applications, products accelerated restructuring, new products, new formulations developed very active.
 The traditional single lead salt powdered, granular single lead salts and crisp like a single lead salt, the latter is to eliminate both powdered lead salts in the production and use of lead salts of dust pollution, improve safety production. But in terms of lead salts of lead oxide content, it is no longer just about 90%, but to develop in the direction of  n-butyl stearate low lead content and low toxicity. At present, foreign direct synthesis reaction has ceased production made of tribasic lead sulfate, lead salt on the market stabilizer, dispersing after surface treatment are the good performance of these products or with a mixture of other additives.
As countries PVC processing technology, equipment, and extrusion speeds increase, and global increasingly stringent environmental requirements of the thermal stabilizer more stringent requirements, heat stabilizers general trend is to the non-(low) lead , cadmium, low dust, compound effectively and easily dispersed direction, to environmental protection, the development of special type.
Another focus of development is the set of stability, lubricity, oxidation resistance, UV resistance and flame resistance in one, made of composite stabilizer. Multiple composite "one package" type products become market development

aluminum sulfate removal of heavy metal fluoride contamination

Wastewater containing fluoride and heavy metal pollution of water pollution in the two pollution hazards for humans and the environment can not be overlooked . The aluminum sulfate is such a common coagulant can remove heavy metals in sewage and fluorine pollution.
Aluminum sulfate application  magnesium hydroxide flame retardant in heavy metal wastewater aluminum sulfate is actually a heavy metal chelating agent to polymer processing technology of heavy metals and inorganic fluorine reagent processing technology combined with an extremely simple approach . And symbiotic aluminum sulfate precipitation method using the principle, containing arsenic, fluorine and heavy metals and heavy metal zinc borate flame retardant  waste generated by adjusting the pH precipitation method symbiosis removed.
The fluorine-containing aluminum sulfate aluminum sulfate treatment method applied fluoride concentration on high or larger flow of wastewater, if the individual dosing calcium fluoride , precipitation is very slow , and the flocculant alone will increase the cost of processing , so commonly used is first using chemical precipitation, aluminum sulfate and then adsorbent or coagulant treatment, so fluorine content down to 10 mg / L or less. Chemical precipitation method is relatively simple, easy to handle , low cost effective, mainly for treatment of high concentration fluoride wastewater . Coagulation law generally applies only to lower fluoride wastewater treatment . Adsorption method is mainly applied to a small quantity of process water .
Heavy metals in wastewater treatment technology and red iron oxide  precipitation, soda sulphide , iron salt method , chelate resin method , etc. are the most frequently used and aluminum sulfate precipitation method . Currently both aluminum sulfate and heavy metal fluoride removal from wastewater and examples of new technologies , but are rare. The use of polymer heavy metal chelating agent / inorganic reagents while removing heavy metals from wastewater and fluorine. Aluminum sulfate as a chemical coagulant , may be used for the treatment of waste water containing fluorine is low , the adsorption of heavy metal pollution of subsidence . The large amount of fluoride wastewater treatment , you can use aluminum sulfate plus lime, or together constitute polyacrylamide coagulant chemical adsorption precipitation treatment method for processing.

eighteen simple exposition of sodium

Sodium stearate, calcium stearate and sodium chloride by metathesis reaction derived fine white powder , metallic calcium content of 6.5% , mp 149-155 ℃, heating loss is less than 2% , the plastic additive  relative density of 1.08 , fineness by 0.075mm sieve 99.5% , free acid ( as stearic acid ) 0.5% , in the air, water absorption .
Sodium stearate, calcium stearate and sodium chloride by metathesis reaction derived fine white powder , metallic calcium content of 6.5% , mp 149-155 ℃, heating loss is less than 2% , the relative density of 1.08 , fineness by 0.075mm sieve 99.5% , free acid ( as stearic acid ) 0.5% , in the air, water absorption .
The product can be used as a thermal stabilizer of polyethylene , has excellent lubricity, good processability , and an  PVC stabilizer epoxy compound with zinc soap and having a synergistic effect , can improve the thermal stability, and the base of lead salts and lead soap and used hardware products , you can improve the speed of gelation . This product can be used in polyethylene and polypropylene resins to eliminate residual catalyst on the adverse effects of color and stability . This product is also widely used as a polyolefin , polyester reinforced plastic , phenolic resin, amino resin, thermosetting plastics lubricants and release agents .
Sodium stearate of formula Na (C18H35O2) { i.e. (C17H35COO) Na}, molecular weight 306.46 . 7.51% sodium containing stearic acid 92.50 , purity 99.5%. White powder or white block, with creamy , fatty taste , soluble in water or alcohol-water solution is alkaline due to hydrolysis . Melting point 100 ~ 110 ℃, should be kept in kept in a cool , dry, well  Stearates ventilated place . Sodium stearate, polyethylene can be used as a heat stabilizer , has excellent lubricity, good processability , and an epoxy compound with zinc soap and having a synergistic effect , can improve the thermal stability, and the base of lead salts and lead soaps and for hard products , the gelling speed can be improved . This product can be used in polyethylene and polypropylene resins to eliminate residual catalyst on the adverse effects of color and stability . This product is also widely used as a polyolefin , polyester reinforced plastic , phenolic resin, amino resin, thermosetting plastics lubricants and release agents .

Potassium stearate some simple introduction

1 Stearic acid and potassium hydroxide at elevated temperature , and then cooled to obtain the product .
2 10g of stearic acid was dissolved in 100mL 95% ethanol , with 0.5mol / L alcohol solution of potassium hydroxide titration with Impact modifier  phenolphthalein as an indicator , titrated to the equivalence point, the precipitated potassium stearate soap pump filtration separation . The crude product can be recrystallized from 95% ethanol to give pure product.
Bulking agent ; blowing agents ; anti-caking agent ; emulsifier ; stabilizer. As emulsifiers , can be used in cakes , maximum usage Pigments  is 0.18g/kg. Used as a surfactant and fabric softener .
Potassium stearate, potassium stearate ; potassium stearate white powder , with slight fatty odor . Molecular weight of 322.58 . Soluble in water, alcohol. Slowly soluble in cold water. The litmus and phenolphthalein solution were strongly alkaline , but only to phenolphthalein alcohol solution was slightly alkaline . General merchandise contain a certain proportion of palmitate . Production methods used mainly saponification . With butter, suet and other oils as raw tomatoes with potassium hydroxide solution , saponification reaction, and then salting , separation of glycerol derived. Use of anionic surfactants. Often referred to as potassium soap or soft soap, mainly Optical brightener  used for Cream shampoo and cosmetics as emulsifiers and detergents . The emulsion has a high efficiency, but sensitive to hard water , to produce calcium soaps with hard water , the emulsion variant or destruction , is a calcium -sensitive emulsion , so the cosmetics production process should be noted.
 Properties: potassium stearate appearance of fine white , fluffy powder , creamy feel , no sand feeling, fatty odor , soluble in hot water or alcohol , the solution is alkaline due to hydrolysis .
Main use: This product is widely used in food additives, pharmaceutical , cosmetics and other industries, mainly for food stabilizers, lubricants , emulsifiers , mold release agents , thickeners , accelerators, cosmetic base materials such as glue additive
   Quality index: content greater than 98.0% , acid value :196 -211 , iodine value : less than 4.0% Loss on drying: 4.0% Heavy metal : 10ppm, Arsenic : Less than 3ppm.

Wetting dispersant add program

Wetting the pigment dispersing agent is generally added when the ingredients to make the grinding and dispersion of the pigment surface adsorption, to achieve the desired purpose. If the compound used low molecular polyethylene  in the non-polar hard dispersed pigment, preferably blended in a small amount first additive resin solution and then mixed with the pigment soaked, so that the application would be more effective. Pigment dispersion
The dispersion of pigment in the paint process is more complicated, but at least through three processes, namely wet depolymerization (dispersion) and stabilized.
Providing paint pigment production, the production of the pigment particles formed are subtle, and its particle size heat stabilizer for shoes  is generally in between 5nm to 1um, the dispersion system can be formed easily.
But the paint pigment plant put into production, mostly in the original-sized particles, agglomerates and aggregates mixtures exist.
Sized particles: a pigment formed in the manufacturing process of associating a single crystal or crystals is relatively fine grain size.
Agglomerates: the original sized particles connected edges and corners, a combination of the structure is relatively loose, large particle group.
Aggregates: a primary-particle combination of  Metal stearate two-sided, or the growing crystal surface together, the structure is compact, large particle group.
Most of the pigment agglomerates of Lu cake drying and subsequent formation of a dry mill.
Aggregates of pigment manufacturing process precipitate formed during the curing. Agglomerates and aggregates secondary particles as pigments together.

pairs of aluminum stearate introduction

 Chinese Name: Double aluminum stearate
Alias: basic aluminum stearate ; two aluminum stearate ; two ( stearic acid ) aluminum ; dual aluminum stearate ( light ) ; distearate  inganic pigments bayerite ; basic two ( stearic acid ) aluminum
Product Name : Aluminium distearate (light)
English Synonyms : Aluminium distearate, light; Hydroxyaluminum distearate; hydroxybis (octadecanoato-o)-aluminum; ALUMINUM DISTEARATE; ALUMINIUM STEARATE, DI; aluminiumdistearate; Aluminum, hydroxybis (octadecanoato-O) -; aluminumhydroxidedistearate; aluminumhydroxydistearate; Aluminium Distearate
CAS NO. :300-92-5
EINECS :206-101-8
MF : C36H71ALO5 [1] Molecular  methyl tin stabilizer Weight: 610.93
Physical and chemical properties Appearance : White powder , insoluble in water . Soluble in ethanol , benzene, turpentine , mineral oils , alkalis . [ 2 ] heating or in case of decomposition of stearic acid and the corresponding aluminum . With aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons to form colloids.
Usage toxic for PVC heat stabilizers, metal rust inhibitors , water repellent materials , cosmetics, emulsifiers , thickeners  dibutyl phthalate  credit coatings and inks , plastics lubricants, oil drilling Defoamer

PVC heat stabilizers some of the methods used

PVC heat stabilizers torque rheometer test method
Mimic the actual torque rheometer PVC processing a typical small pilot-type apparatus . Outside of the instrument a closed processing tank , connected to the instrument by the computer can polyethylene oxide  control the machining tank temperature, and within two roll speed , torque rheometer added quality of materials is generally 60 ~ 80 g, depending on the apparatus and different models . Experimental steps of: preparing in advance with different thermal stabilizer masterbatch based on PVC masterbatch formulation , in addition to other ships and ACR, CPE, CaCO3, TiO2, lubricants and the like . Torque Rheometer advance the set temperature , when the temperature rose to specify and steady speed , will be weighed mixture added processing chamber , quickly closed records on a computer connected to a variety of parameters , namely flow  n-butyl stearate curve . After processing , you can also get different extrudate physical characteristics , such as whiteness, whether shaping , smoothness and so on. These parameters can determine the corresponding potential industrial heat stabilizers , heat stabilizers suitable shall have suitable torque and plasticizing time of the extrudate should be preferably molded and whiteness, surface smoothing . Torque rheometer in laboratory studies and between industrialized mass production to build a convenient bridge.
PVC heat stabilizers roll blackening test
Determination of thermal stability as a dynamic effect of a class of helper methods , dynamic two-roll used in the  iron oxide black absence of the rheometer , the experiment instrument select double rolled sheet , which together with the high-speed mixed powder , compression molding , the resulting samples were subjected to extruded repeatedly until the black test piece until completely black record time , the time is called blackening . Blackening by comparing the length of time to determine the type of thermal stabilizer effect of the thermal stability of PVC .

plasticizer related knowledge introduction

Currently plasticizer production trends to the large, continuous, microcomputer control development, a single set of production capacity has reached 100,000 tons / year. Many varieties of serial  one pack stabilizer production has strong ability to adapt to the market , the characteristics of large production flexibility to meet different plastic processing products for special functions plasticizer varieties needs. Since DOP better value for money , production and consumption still adjacent dominance dimethyl ester , followed by DINP ( di-iso- nonyl phthalate ), DIDP ( di-iso- decyl phthalate esters ) , in addition to direct chain alcohol esters developed very rapidly , is expected to become an important species phthalates . In addition phthalate plasticizer , fatty acid esters excellent cold resistance , non-toxic epoxy  Chrolinated polyethylene esters stability , high temperature trimellitic esters , polyesters do not migrate , flame and good phosphate plasticizer structures are in a certain proportion , to form a rational structure of plasticizer production system.
First plasticizer and the resin have good compatibility, better compatibility , the better the plasticizing effect . Adding PVC plasticizer  a plasticizer to reduce the glass transition temperature of the plastic , the hard and rigid plastic to become soft and pliable . General also asked plasticizer colorless , non-toxic , odorless , light , heat, cold , volatile , and migration of small , non-flammable and chemical stability, low cost and easy to get . In fact , a plasticizer is impossible to satisfy all the above requirements, which need to select , with the use , in order to achieve satisfactory results.