intenal lubricant viscosity is one of the most important parameters of oil

Viscosity of oil is the most important parameter, which determines the sliding bearing oil film bearing capacity, the friction
power and the sealing capability of the sealing surface. Carrying capacity of high-viscosity lubricants large, easy to maintain
liquid lubrication, but its flow resistance, increasing the Plastic impact modifier  power and start the compressor friction resistance. Conversely, a low
viscosity lubricating oil flow resistance is small, less heat generated by friction, it is difficult to form oil film seal is poor.
Mixed with the working fluid and the working fluid is mixed well, the free flow of oil in the system, a smooth return to the
compressor, intenal lubricant to ensure the  Calcium stearate normal lubrication of the compressor. Instead, the lubricating oil in the system will

produce stratification, flow resistance is increased in the cycle, the heat transfer to weaken, resulting in insufficient oil
return to the compressor, intenal lubricant properties and thus the reliability of the compressor adverse consequences.
When the cloud point under given conditions, the temperature of the lubricating oil falls below a certain value, the oil begins to
precipitate in the wax, into a turbid state, this is Titanium dioxide rutile called the cloud point temperature of the lubricating oil. Oil cloud point
should be less than the minimum refrigerant evaporation temperature, otherwise precipitated paraffin clog the throttle, or weaken
the effect of the evaporator heat. Even clogged's tube evaporator channels. The maximum temperature in the freezing point of a
given condition, the lubricating oil at the start completely lost its flowability of gravity referred to the freezing point. Easy
come, the freezing point should be as low as possible.

Pack nuclear tribasic lead sulfate is a low- lead WSD PVC lubricant stabilizers

Pack nuclear tribasic lead sulfate is a low- lead PVC heat stabilizers , due to its creative use of nuclear technology package will be is still widely used, a large proportion of the market in the PVC stabilizer stabilizer tribasic lead sulfate coated surfaces made ​​of fine particles of inert filler novel packet core tribasic lead sulfate , significantly organic pigments reducing the toxic levels of lead and maintain their excellent performance and stability. Which are widely used in the processing of PVC pipes, fittings , profiles , wire and cable , pinch and so on.
In this paper, synthetic bag nuclear tribasic lead sulfate for a more in-depth research , experimental study of the optimal synthesis conditions . Methods are inert or semi- inert material selected as the core , its surface is uniformly coated with a layer of a tribasic lead sulfate thickness. Through the experiment, the reaction involved in the process parameters and reaction conditions ( such as reaction temperature, concentration of lead , covering the amount of water to feed ratio ) were optimized to prepare a Optical brightener low lead content package nuclear tribasic lead sulfate with traditional tribasic lead sulfate were compared with experiments. Experimental results show that : In making the overall performance is not affected all aspects of the premise of reducing the lead content of the experiment , thus reducing costs , reducing environmental pollution , broadening the sources of raw materials , with good economic and social benefits.

Thermal stabilizers microcapsules WSD intenal lubricantgood compatibility with PVC

PVC as wall material , hydrotalcite, calcium / zinc composite heat stabilizer as core materials, preparation of an efficient, environmentally friendly PVC composite stabilizer microcapsules , and discusses the optimal preparation of the microcapsules . The results showed organic pigments that the microcapsules prepared solid content of 15% , when the stirring speed of 600r/min, the stirring time is 160min, the non-solvent solvent such as tetrahydrofuran and ethylene glycol ratio of 5:3 , the amount of emulsifier is 3% Span80 The resulting microcapsules compact structure , particle size distribution 100 ~ 450μm. The heat stabilizer microcapsules with a certain prospect. By following five study concluded . These five areas are: the impact of the solid content of the microcapsules , solvent and non- solvent ratio of the impact of the microcapsules , stirring affect the speed of the microcapsules , stirring time of microcapsules , the microcapsules emulsifier affected. Optical brightener Conclusion : the optimal preparation of the microcapsules may be: a solid content of 15% , stirring speed of 600r/min, the stirring time 160min, the mass ratio of solvent and non- solvent is tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol is 5:3 , the amount of emulsifier Span80 3% , ambient temperature and pressure , etc. can be filtered and dried to obtain the particle size distribution of the microcapsules 100 ~ 450μm. This heat stabilizer microcapsules good compatibility with PVC , thermal stability and mechanical properties under further study.

Some of the major components of plastic lubricant

We are not a pure plastic material generally used , which is made ​​of material prepared by a number . Wherein the polymer (or synthetic resin ) is the main component of plastic, in addition , in order to improve the performance of plastics , but also add a variety of auxiliary materials such as fillers , plasticizers , lubricants , stabilizers in the polymer, coloring agents , in order to become a good performance plastics.
A synthetic resin, synthetic resin is a main component of plastic, the plastic content is generally 40% to 100%. As  WSD aluminium stearate the content of large, but the nature of the resin often determines the nature of plastic, so people often plastic resin as a synonym . For example, polyvinyl chloride resin and PVC , phenolic resin and phenolic confused. In fact, resins and plastics are two different concepts. Original polymer resin is a raw , it is not only used to make plastics , but also coatings, adhesives and synthetic materials. In addition to the very small number of plastic resin containing 100% , the majority of plastics , in addition to the main component of the resin , but also need to add other substances.
2 , also known as filler of fillers , which can improve the strength and resistance to heat , and cost . E.g. a phenolic resin is added after the flour can greatly reduce costs, the most inexpensive one phenolic plastics , as well as significantly improved mechanical strength. The filler may be divided into two types of inorganic fillers and organic fillers , such as wood flour former , rags , paper and various textile fibers , which, as glass fibers, diatomaceous earth , asbestos , carbon black and the like.
3 , a plasticizer , and a plasticizer to increase the flexibility of the plastic plasticity , reducing brittleness , so that the plastic processibility . Plasticizers are generally miscible with the resin , non-toxic , odorless, light, heat stable, high boiling point organic compounds, the most commonly used phthalates . E.g., the production of PVC , plasticizer , if adding more soft PVC can be obtained , if not add plasticizers or less (the amount of < 10% ) , then a rigid PVC .
4 , a stabilizer to prevent the WSD Chrolinated polyethylene  synthetic resin by the action of light and heat during use in the processing and decomposition and destruction, extended service life , to add the stabilizer in plastics . Commonly used are stearates, such as epoxy resin .
5 , plastic colorant colorants can have a variety of bright , beautiful colors. The organic dyes and inorganic pigments used as a colorant . Specialty Plastics
6 , the lubricant is to prevent the lubricant in the molding of plastic stick on the metal mold, while allowing a smooth plastic surface appearance . Commonly used lubricants are stearic acid , calcium and magnesium salts and the like .
7 antioxidants prevent the plastic molding or WSD Chlorinated paraffin  heating at high temperature thermal oxidation during use , leaving yellow plastic , hair crack , etc. In addition to the above additives , the plastic may also be added flame retardants, foaming agents, antistatic agents so as to meet different requirements .

The main performance lubricants commonly used PVC

Common PVC lubricants [2] The main properties are as follows: calcium (1) stearic acid:
White powder, mp 148-155 ℃, non-toxic, have excellent lubricity and workability, no sulfide contamination with lead and basic lead salt soap and use, can increase the rate of gelation, the dosage is generally 0.1-0.4PHR.
(2) polyethylene wax
White or light yellow powder or granules contain small amounts of oxidized polyethylene wax, although polar group is still compatible with the PVC, but the higher the efficiency of the lubrication can be improved lubricity between the polymer and the metal, improving the WSD PVC lubricants  extrusion efficiency, improve a colorant dispersion, gives the product a good transparency and gloss. The amount of 0.1-0.5PHR.
(3) stearate
White or light yellow granules, mp 70-71 ℃. Slow evaporation at 90-100 ℃, as external lubricant in PVC processing hardware, the amount is usually 0.2-0.5PHR, and have the effect of preventing scale chromatography, but easy to use excessive blooming.
(4) Glyceryl stearate
Powder substance, melting point 85-87 ℃, has excellent heat resistance and flowability, increase the amount of filler, may contribute to the plasticizing. And waxes and use, to improve the thermal stability of PVC-U. General amount of 0.2-0.6PHR.
In practice it was found that when two or more with the use of the lubricant, when used alone with the emergence of WSD Titanium dioxide rutile  a different effect. In profile formulations, the way they use complex
(5) Paraffin
Melting point 57-63 ℃, no polar group, is a typical external lubricant. Because of its low melting point, easy to evaporate, a small melt viscosity, only within a narrow range from lubrication, suitable for single, twin-screw extruder, the general amount of 0.1-0.8PHR. This product is poor transparency, easy to whiten.
(6) Polyethylene wax
White powder, a softening point of about 100-117 ℃, due to its relatively large molecular weight, high melting  WSD Stabilizers for pipe point, low volatility and therefore at a higher temperature and shear rate, also showed significant lubricating effect. For hard PVC single, twin-screw extruder, the usual dose is 0.1-0.5PHR.

PVC heat stabilizers commonly used test methods which

To introduce PVC heat stabilizers of two common test methods. Something called : Torque Rheometer test method ; second test called the roll blackened test method. PVC heat stabilizers torque rheometer test method
Torque rheometer is an imitation of the actual PVC processing a typical small scale type instrument . The outside of the instrument has a closed processing tank , through a computer connected to the instrument can be controlled by the temperature of the processing tank , and  the rotation of the two rollers inside the added mass of material is PVC lubricants  generally a torque rheometer 60 ~ 80 g, depending on the instrument models and different. Experimental steps : preparing in advance the type comprising a heat stabilizer masterbatch based masterbatch formulations except PVC lubricant. Torque rheometer temperature set in advance , and when the temperature rose to specify the speed smoothly , it will weigh a good mix added processing tank , quickly closed the recording of various parameters on the computer connected to it , is the flow curve . After processing is complete, you can also get different physical characteristics of the Chrolinated polyethylene  extrudate , such as whiteness, whether shaping , smoothness and so on. With these parameters, you can determine the appropriate industrial potential heat stabilizers , heat stabilizers suitable should have proper torque and plasticizing time , extrusion molding should be better and whiteness, smooth surface and so on.
PVC heat stabilizers roll blackened test
As a method for dynamic determination  Stabilizers for pipe based adjuvant effect of a thermal stabilizer , in the absence of double roller dynamic rheometer using a twin roll selected experiments tableting equipment, which together with the high-speed mixed powder , tablet molding, the resulting samples were subjected to extruded repeatedly until the black test piece until the recording time of the fully black , called blackening time . By comparing the length of time to determine the blackening of different thermal stabilizers for PVC thermal stability effect.

PVC lubricants commonly used in the seven species

PVC lubricant is usually tasteless , odorless , non-toxic light yellow waxy solid or flake . Physical indicators: PVC lubricants in the plastics industry is mainly used as mold release agents , plasticizers , antistatic agents , especially for plastic foam products, anti-shrinkage agents. In the production of PVC products as lubricants , and alkyd resin can be used as a modifier , a plasticizer of cellulose nitrate . PVC lubricants commonly used in seven types : calcium ( 1 ) stearic acid : white aluminium stearate  powder , melting point 148-155 ℃, non-toxic, have excellent lubricity and machining , non- sulfide pollution , and basic lead salts and lead soap and use, can increase the rate of gelation , the dosage is generally 0.1-0.4PHR. ( 2 ) white or yellow oxidized polyethylene wax powder or granules , containing a small amount of the oxidized polyethylene wax, a polar group , although still not compatible with PVC, but the higher the efficiency of the lubrication can be improved lubricity between the polymer and the metal improve extrusion efficiency , improve the dispersibility of the colorant , giving the product a good transparency and gloss. The amount of 0.1-0.5PHR. ( 3 ) stearic white or slightly yellow granules , mp 70-71 ℃. Slow evaporation at 90-100 ℃, as external lubricant in PVC processing hardware , the amount is usually 0.2-0.5PHR, and have the effect of preventing scale chromatography , but easy to use excessive blooming . ( 4 ) glyceryl stearate powder substance , melting at 85-87 ℃, has excellent heat resistance and flowability , increase the amount of filler , may contribute to the plasticizing . And waxes and use, to improve the thermal stability of PVC-U . General amount of 0.2-0.6PHR. In  Chrolinated polyethylene practice it was found that when two or more with the use of the lubricant , when used alone with the emergence of a different effect . In profile formulations, they use complex methods ( 5 ) wax melting point 57-63 ℃, no polar group , is a typical external lubricant . Because of its low melting point, easy to evaporate , a small melt viscosity , only within a narrow range from lubrication, suitable for single , twin-screw extruder , the general amount of 0.1-0.8PHR. This product is poor transparency , easy to whiten.
( 6 ) polyethylene wax white powder, a softening point of about 100-117 ℃, due to its relatively large molecular Chlorinated paraffin  weight , high melting point , low volatility and therefore at a higher temperature and shear rate , also showed significant lubricating effect. For hard PVC single , twin-screw extruder , the usual dose is 0.1-0.5PHR.

Research Status toxic PVC heat stabilizers

Research Status toxic PVC heat stabilizer of PVC is the world's second largest synthetic resin polyethylene production after more than 90,000, however, PVC, there are some shortcomings difficult to overcome, including poor thermal stability was most prominent . PVC due stearic acid  to poor thermal stability, softening temperature and decomposition temperature difference is small, has caused great difficulties to the process, so the process must be added a certain amount of heat stabilizers to improve its thermal stability. Currently, lead salt is the largest amount of heat stabilizer. In building a harmonious society and ensure the sustainable development of the premise that people's awareness of environmental protection and health gradually strengthened, therefore, low toxicity, no pollution, has become complex and efficient development direction of PVC heat stabilizers.
Thermal stability of PVC resin is Polyethylene wax  one of the oldest synthetic thermoplastics, has difficulty burning, good mechanical properties, low prices, abundant sources of raw materials, synthetic mature technology, which is widely used in construction, telecommunications, transportation, electronics , chemicals, packaging and other industries. PVC heat stabilizers in the heat or subjected to high energy radiation, such as ultraviolet light, "the impact of de-hcl autocatalytic reaction occurs, the thermal decomposition mechanism is generally believed that there are PVC stabilizer for panel  three kinds of radical mechanism oxygenated environment;. (2) ion mechanism under a nitrogen atmosphere; main factors (3) single molecular mechanism under vacuum conditions affect the thermal decomposition is pvc chain structure, refers to a branched, double, allyl chloride, head structure and molecular weight of conjugated double bonds etc. "effect; addition, oxygen, HCL additives and other external factors also have an impact.

Three factors affect PVC PVC heat stabilizers transparency

 PVC heat stabilizers to some extent will affect the transparency of PVC. PVC heat stabilizers are also not missing PVC additives, no PVC PVC heat stabilizers so will lose a lot of practical value. So people are constantly biochemical studies of PVC heat stabilizers. The following three factors will affect the transparency of PVC PVC heat stabilizers, and we do a discussion.
1, the refractive index of the stabilizer
PVC resin, heat stabilizer and 1.52 to 1.55 and a refractive index of visible light or near the same, the better the transparency of PVC products, the transparency is low and vice versa.
2, stabilizer molecules (molecules) of linear length
Heat stabilizer molecule (or molecules) linear length of less than 400 ~ 735nm wavelength of visible light refraction less transparency higher, whereas less transparent.
3, a heat stabilizer in PVC, "solubility", i.e., the compatibility of
Compatibility is two or more  Chrolinated polyethylene substances refers to the affinity of each when mixed. Compatibility is good that it is possible to achieve molecular level dispersion. A thermal stabilizer in the molten state has good compatibility with PVC resin. Do not form a two-phase, which is not obvious interface or interface, refraction less, more transparent PVC products. Liquid stabilizer than the corresponding solid metal soaps in PVC compatibility, the length of the linear molecule and smaller, and thus the higher the transparency of the PVC. Free radical polymerization of vinyl chloride is polymerized random, in addition to its first stable - tail structure, and the first - the first structure - CH2-CHCl-CHCl-CH-, tail - tail structure-CHCl-CH2-CH2-CHCl -; vinyl Results generated with coupling disproportionation CH2 = CH-CHCl-CH2-, and allyl chloride structure-CH2-CH = CH-CHCl-CH2 and the like.
Generating allyl chloride, chlorine and PVC flame retardant  tertiary carbon double bond in the synthesis of PVC is its molecular chain structure is unstable factors of instability order: PVC internal molecular chain allyl chloride> tertiary carbon chloro> allyl end groups chloride> Chung chlorine. It is easily degraded because of instability in the structure of PVC molecular chains exist, if not for stabilization when modified PVC processing, the decomposition temperature is about 130 ℃, but that the PVC resin processing into useful products, molding  Acrylic impact modifier temperature to at 190 ℃ or more. Thus, heat stabilizers must be added to improve its structure is stabilized.
So pvc needs to be added during the synthesis PVC heat stabilizers.

pvc internal and external lubricant selection principles to develop new direction

pvc internal and external lubricant selection principles
(1) pvc external lubricants generally lower than the melting point of the molding processing temperature 50-60 ℃.
( 2 ) to be reasonable taking into account liquidity, the rate of release of plastics and plasticizers . To balance the internal and external lubricants .
Early ( 3 ) to maintain the system, metaphase, anaphase lubrication integrity.
( 4 ) do not adversely affect the secondary processing ( heat sealing , laminating , printing, etc. ) .
( 5 ) the lubricant in the resin PVC stabilizer for fittings  dispersion, the dispersant is added when necessary. ( 6 ) to pay attention to the interaction with other additives ( plasticizers , heat stabilizers , antioxidants , fillers , impact , etc. ) is .
pvc internal and external lubricant previously mainly used for PVC in recent years, the rapid growth in the amount of polyolefins and engineering plastics , the required amount is close to the amount of PVC . Currently , in use , many plastics factory has its own proprietary formula. Recently , the application of polymer blends alloys are widely used, the demand for these products will have great growth. And homopolymer, copolymer compared to the lubricant composition and formulations vary , according to the special requirements of users in research and development , which is a new direction for the development of pvc internal and external lubricant . Production profiles, sheet extrusion , injection molding products , hollow products , blow film are highly transparent products have a high degree of plasticizing , high Aluminum hydroxide  liquidity , and therefore require a higher plasticizing rate, so the pvc to more lubricants ; pipe and for the purpose of producing , in its plasticization is preferably 60% to 70% [ 8 , 9 ] , which requires a low rate of some plasticizer , the lubricant should be relatively little outside ; for calendering process , in order to melt the PVC calender rolls easily peeled , external lubricant should be a little more ; while the injection molding process will have as little as possible with external lubricant for external lubrication to minimize the impact of falling weld line strength .
PVC external lubrication balanced Titanium dioxide rutile  diversity in fact different types of processing equipment, such as extrusion ( divided into single and twin screw ) , injection molding, calendaring , require different lubrication balance. Strictly speaking, the same equipment , products of different manufacturers , and even the same device with the new balance of old have different lubrication requirements . Different types of products , such as pipes, films, sheets and profiles , and have different lubrication balance.

Flame retardant mechanism of some analysis

The purpose of the implementation of flame retardant technology , such non-flame retardant materials , flame retardant performance , under certain conditions, can not easily burn or extinguish . Non- retardant materials with flame retardant properties , the most direct way is to add flame retardants in the material . Xiaobian for you about flame retardant mechanism analysis and classification .
 1, the combustion flame to be carbonized , to organic pigments  achieve the flame-retardant effect . The flame retardant effect is mainly play a role in the solid phase , in this category are mainly phosphorus flame retardant material ( including organic and inorganic phosphorus phosphorus ) .
2 , formed under the conditions in the combustion flame is not volatile diaphragm , isolated from the air reaches retardant purposes. The flame retardant effect is mainly play a role in the liquid phase . Retardant materials in this category are mainly borates , halides , antimony oxide and phosphorus -based material , or several materials which reflect the interaction between substances generated . 3, the heat of combustion of the  magnesium stearate combustible material dispersion and dilution. Such fire-retardant material is mainly zinc borate , aluminum hydroxide , magnesium hydroxide and other substances, mainly due to the endothermic decomposition of a large , non-combustible material dilution resulting combustible gas flame to achieve the objective .
4 , flame retardants decomposition products will be cut off so as to achieve a chain reaction of hydroxyl radicals retardant purposes. The flame retardant effect is mainly play a role in the gas phase . The material in this category are mainly play a role in the gas phase . Such flame retardant and antimony oxide are mainly halide .
Flame retardant products, generally to choose non-toxic, non-polluting products, fire retardant products produced by PVC foaming board stabilizer  our company , there are halogen-free flame retardants, wood flame retardants, brominated flame retardants , in addition to sales of magnesium hydroxide , active magnesium oxide , light magnesium oxide flame retardant products .

Fire hazards flame retardants play a major role

In our lives , often exposed to various substances, including , most contact is plastic , plastic industry, to give our lives has brought great convenience, but also brings some hazards are not  chromium oxide small , we all know , plastic products are flammable , many fires and expanded with the plastic products have a great relationship , bring us a lot of fire damage or even disaster , how to reduce or inhibit the occurrence of such disasters that ? Flame retardants, play a very important role.
As a new type of flame retardant materials , also known as fire retardant or fire retardant, to give a flammable polymer flame-retardant functional additives . In daily life and its role is more and more obvious , textile flame retardants, wood flame retardants, halogen-free flame retardants such as product development , we can see a flame retardant for an important role in modern society .
Flame retardant effect is that the flame flammable products added to the products, so that these products epoxidation of soybean oil  become flame flammable substances. Among these substances when burned , so the ignition time increased , lit self-extinguishing , difficult to ignite . Play a role in preventing burning flame in large part for the fire fighting and rescue fire scene , reduce losses , play a significant role.
 Flame retardant series products have been in research, development , new flame retardant better performance, non-toxic, more effective to prevent burning phenomenon. So fire away from us .

plasticizer compatibility of the polymer is good or bad in accordance with the trial and experience to determine

Less volatile plasticizer is usually a high boiling ester, a few are a low melting solid, they do not generally react with PVC. Conditions of use of plasticizers with the resin has good compatibility, low price, high plasticization efficiency, plasticized speed, durability (low volatility Yi shift is small, high extraction resistance), environmental stability good (light, heat resistance, bacterial resistance, chemical resistance and flame retardant), health is good (to people, livestock and crops, non-toxic, non-polluting, tasteless), electrical insulation, good viscosity stability is good. However, a plasticizer does not satisfy all the  aluminium distearate conditions. In actual use, the majority is composed of two or more and for each other, to get the best plasticizing effect and achieve perfect performance requirements. Plasticizer in a formulation used to make the products have reached the optimum value of all the performance is impossible, therefore, to ensure that the choice of plasticizer when the first major performance requirements. Such as children's toys and food packaging and other requirements are mainly non-toxic, beautiful appearance; plastic sheeting requirements harmless to crops, light, heat; wire and cable materials are the main PVC window stabilizer  requirements and good electrical insulation. In addition to these requirements, the plasticizer should also focus on the selection of the following factors: PVC resin performance; product performance required; plasticizer processing adaptability, cost. Consider the performance of the plasticizer itself, compatibility of the plasticizer most important, it is a plasticizer selected fundamental factors must be considered. Plasticizer and resin compatibility, then plasticized high efficiency, plasticizers no segregation, no exudation, product flexibility and long service life. In the production practice, plasticizers in polymers mainly based on the compatibility with the test quality and experience to determine. Compatibility evaluation method is simple plasticizers, resins, and a suitable solvent by mixing, to prepare a homogeneous solution was slowly cast into a film, its transparency is observed to judge. Homogeneous transparent film represents good compatibility, fuzzy means poor compatibility. Another method plasticizer PVC resin by mixing uniformly heated to plasticizing was cooled to room temperature, and observe any signs of exudate. No vegetable stearic acid  description plasticizer exudation good compatibility, oozing plasticizer compatibility explained more worse. According to a general rule, the more similar the easier it immiscible polar. Thus, the solubility parameter of the plasticizer and resin solubility parameter closer. Both compatibility as possible. Dielectric constant is a function of molecular polarity, dipole moment, and it is subject to great influence of hydrogen bonds. Determine the dielectric constant can be used as a plasticizer compatibility parameter. According to the solubility parameter of PVC, plasticizers generally used 8.4-11.4 solubility parameter, dielectric constant of 4-8.

Plasticizer: green alternative trend of some use

For a long time, plasticizer DOP (dioctyl phthalate) and other phthalate products. With these additives in the food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications more widely, toxicity studies in it more and more attention. Found that when the blood inlet PVC storage bag body, the products that are found in the lungs with DOP. Although the DOP is carcinogenic to make people still debated, but because of its carcinogenic potential suspects, countries have taken the appropriate restrictive stearate lead  measures. At present, the domestic production of some of the main plasticizer properties, especially health, low toxicity, it is difficult to meet the environmental requirements.
Since the DOA higher production costs, the domestic PVC cling film producers substantially with DOP, DBP (dibutyl phthalate) as a primary plasticizer. This produced cling film, used in high fat meat products, or use it to wrap food in the microwave, the plasticizer into the food more opportunities, potentially harmful to human health. DOP plasticizer especially considering there is a potential cancer hazard, the international community has begun to take appropriate measures to limit the dibasic lead stearate  use. Countries around the world have accelerated the toxic plasticizer product development efforts, especially for plastic products with high hygiene requirements based applied research. However, in our country, has been eliminated or restrict the use of foreign plasticizers such as DOP is also a great market, and the production of new enterprises for the non-toxic plasticizer is not enough emphasis on the development and promotion. Due to low prices, the domestic market 80% plasticizer DOP, DBP and so on.
In recent years, the rapid development  PVC heat stabilizer for window of the plastics industry as a whole environment, there is a degree of development of plastic additives, but mainly on the volume growth. Face of the global plastic additives industry, large-scale production, product specification refinement, multi-functional and development trend of environmental protection, China's plastics additives industry enterprises should be the perspective of sustainable development, increase green plasticizer product development efforts , in the industrial scale, environmental performance, and product quality, value-added and other aspects of establishing development advantages, and strive to compete in the new round of international markets for the spot.

Introduction of oil deodorant bleaching agent aluminum sulfate Properties and Uses

Earlier we talked about the major role of aluminum sulfate in paper sizing and sewage coagulation , it is also said that it is in the application of mineral flotation . Today, that is  PVC processing aid  to say it as oil deodorant DECOLOURIZATION . Here they use their no iron or low iron products.
Oil deodorant bleaching agent without iron sulfate white crystals soluble in water , insoluble in alcohol , acidic aqueous solution , dehydration temperature is 86.5 ℃, heated to 250 ℃ lose crystal water , anhydrous aluminum sulfate is heated to 300 ℃ begin to decompose . Anhydrous white crystals having a pearl luster .
Deodorant use bleaching agent aluminum sulfate
It is mainly used for paper sizing agent and drinking water , industrial water and wastewater treatment flocculant , or the production of artificial gems and other aluminum salts , such as ammonium alum, potassium alum, aluminum sulfate refining raw materials. Further , aluminum sulfate is also widely used in high- clarifier , oil deodorant fluorescent brightener  bleaching agents, concrete waterproofing agent , fine paper forging white , titanium dioxide film after the production process and catalyst carrier .
Aluminum sulfate can be used as oil deodorant bleaching agents, however, with the long-long science and technology special bleaching agent compared to effects and high chroma for dye decolorization treatment and paint, ink, paper and other industrial wastewater treatment are relatively poor.

Deposited zinc stearate

Chemical reagents zinc stearate is often due to improper storage in the storage and deterioration . Some reagents hygroscopic and deliquescence or hydrolysis ; others easily with oxygen in the air , carbon dioxide or other gases diffusion in which to react , and some reagents by  chromium oxide light and ambient temperature will degenerate . Therefore, must be based on the different nature of the reagent , respectively, to take appropriate measures for safekeeping. Preservation methods generally have the following :
1 sealed
After the reagents are generally drawn tightly with a stopper , in particular volatile substances ( such as hydrochloric acid , ammonia ) , and many low boiling point organic compounds ( such as acetone, formaldehyde , acetaldehyde , chloroform, benzene, etc. ) must be tightly closed tightly . Some hygroscopic or a case of steam generating strong hydrolysis reagents such as phosphorus pentoxide , anhydrous AlCl3 , etc., only iron oxide yellow  to close tightly , but also wax seal .
In the air can be spontaneous white phosphorus stored in the water. Reactive metals potassium, sodium To save in kerosene .
2 with brown bottle full bloom and placed in the shade
Light or heat perishable reagents ( such as potassium iodide , hydrogen peroxide , and bromine , chlorine ) to be stored in a brown bottle and placed in a cool place , preventing it from decomposition of deterioration. 3 Dangerous Drugs keep other medicines stored separately
Are easy to explode, burn , toxic, corrosive and  tio2 anatase radioactive and other hazardous substances, as well as by external factors can cause severe chemical accidents , are all hazardous chemicals . They must be stored separately stored , such as perchloric acid can also organics , or prone to explosion. Strong oxidizing substances and organic solvents can corrode the rubber , not in full bloom in a glass bottle with a rubber stopper . Easily affect the purity of the reagent erosion glass reagent , such as hydrofluoric acid , fluoride salt ( potassium fluoride , sodium fluoride , ammonium fluoride ) and caustic alkali (potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide ) , shall be stored in polyethylene plastic bottle or a glass bottle coated with paraffin .
Purity: more than 98.0% purity
Specifications : Solid : 5g, 10g , such as different specifications ( specifications , customers can call options )

Introduction of polypropylene flame retardants

Describes the polypropylene (PP) flame retardant type and mechanism of resistance ene agent PP summarized research progress and trends. Efficient, low toxicity ,
Low smoke , low cost, versatile, new composite "green" flame retardant PP 21st century focus of the study .
Polypropylene (PP) is a hydrocarbon material , heat of combustion , it is not entirely produced by burning smoke PVC lubricant  and toxic gases, its application is limited . In order to improve flame retardant PP , broadening its field of application , you must add flame retardants.
A , PP fire retardant classification
PP flame retardant more categories, according to the basic performance is divided into inorganic and organic flame retardants ; according to high and low molecular weight divided into low molecular weight and high molecular weight flame retardant ; divided by use of additive flame retardant and reactive flame retardant . Which , by the use of method of classification is more commonly used classification methods . Flame retardant is added to the polymer during processing with a flame retardant
Liquid or solid , including phosphate, halogenated hydrocarbons , the advantage of easy to use for a wide range ; those containing reactive flame retardant is Cl,, Br, P and other elements and reactive flame retardant class of compounds , they are copolymerized with the resin to give a resin flame retardant. Two , PP flame approaches, methods and mechanisms
( A ) , flame retardant PP pathway mainly through three kinds of ways to achieve [ 1 ] : ( 1 ) using the additive flame retardant , flame retardant added over mechanical mixing the polymer to achieve flame purpose ; ( 2 ) use of reactive flame retardant, a flame retardant as a reactive monomer that participate in the reaction ,
Grafted to the polymer main chain or side  chain , the modified polymer has a flame retardant ; ( 3 ) a flame retardant polymer itself . (B ) , the basic method of flame retardant PP basic methods include: ( 1 ) use of foam or non- foam refractory material coating the surface of PP material , to
With oxygen or thermal isolation ; ( 2 ) through the modification of the modified PP matrix material flame retardant. The second method is the main method . ( Three ) , flame retardant mechanism
1 . Termination of a chain reaction mechanism
PP combustion , the general decomposition  Sodium stearate of hydrocarbons. Further oxidation of hydrocarbons at high temperatures, decomposition of free radical HO •. HO • The chain reaction
Makes the flame should continue . Halide decomposition of hydrogen halide (HX). HX can capture high-energy HO • and produce X • and
H 2O, while X • R • reacts with the polymer and the HX, but also capture the HO •. This cycle enables highly active HO • Less
Less will eventually contribute to the ripple cut HO • terminate hydrocarbon combustion flame to achieve the purpose . For PP, halides
Usually without the use of fluoride chloride or bromide or iodide . Because fluoride too lively , the formation of molecular fluorine and very stable
Iodine forming compound is unstable , it is rarely used.
2 . Mechanism of protective film
Flame temperature in the combustion swells into a layer of non-combustible protective film covering the surface of the material , isolated from the air and fire retardant . In
Phosphate flame retardant in the PP phosphate, halogen hydrocarbon ester. They differentiate to form a layer of porous insulating film coke , separated
Absolutely air to prevent heat transfer , and thus play a role in flame .
3 . Cooling mechanism
Flame retardant polymer surface can  PVC heat stabilizer for window melt at a lower temperature , the latent heat absorbed or endothermic reaction , consume a lot of heat , from
And to prevent burning. Such as Al (OH) 3 can play in PP flame retardant effect. It is a non- flame-retardant filling aids . When the temperature
No more than 200 ℃, hydration molecules and Al (OH) 3 combined with very strong, even at 230 ℃ for continuous heating will not significantly decompose.
When the polymer is exposed to heat , one of the Al (OH) 3 hydrated plays the role of heat . When the temperature is higher than 250 ℃, the polymer combustion,
Al (OH) 3 decomposes to absorb a lot of heat , and  Glycerol monostearate generate water . Water vapor , and absorb a large amount of heat , thereby reducing the polymer
Temperature of PP pyrolysis gas combustion products, the speed is very slow , less than the concentration of combustion can be maintained , thereby preventing burning.

toxic ammonium aluminum sulfate do, what is the standard of its use

The use of ammonium aluminum sulfate solution was added ammonium aluminum sulfate solution was prepared from a series of n-butyl stearate  operations. It is mainly used as a buffer, neutralizer, leavening agent, water purifying agent, pickles and boiled, stewed food color fixative. So, ammonium aluminum sulfate poisonous? Aluminium ammonium sulfate in food applications use some kind of standard?
Toxic ammonium aluminum sulfate do
In daily life, if excessive intake of aluminum, it will affect people's intelligence, bone demineralization and other hazards. Although ammonium aluminum sulfate chemical additives, but it carbon black powder  has a non-toxic, food grade it is a legitimate food additive, do not exceed the maximum amount prescribed by the State, the human body is no health hazard.
Aluminum ammonium sulfate using the standard requirements
Chinese regulations can be used for fried foods, shrimp, soy, baking powder, biscuits, puffed food and aquatic products, according to iron oxide black  production needs appropriate use of aluminum residues ≤ l00mg/kg. World Health Organization's assessment, the provisions of the daily intake of aluminum 0-0.6mg/kg, kg body weight of a person, that is, a 60kg person allows intake of 36mg. This prescribed, except for aluminum ammonium sulfate, but also applicable to other, such as aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate and potassium aluminum ions containing chemicals.

High concentrations of calcium stearate, zinc stearate

can lead to insulin resistance. According to reports, hyperlipidemia is due to lipid metabolism disorder caused by one or more of the plasma lipid composition characterized by abnormally elevated  Barium soap  concentrations of illnesses. Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus have a close relationship.
However, there is a serum fatty acid profile in hyperlipidemia studies are concentrated in the fasting state, in their study investigated the postprandial state is still blank stage. As we all know, three meals a day, the body most of the time in a postprandial state, so research postprandial serum fatty acid profile and metabolic changes impact on the body has more practical significance.
By postprandial hyperlipidemia population  PVC heat stabilizer for window changes of serum fatty acid, a fatty acid for the first time found that only calcium stearate, zinc stearate in the postprandial state levels were significantly increased in high concentrations of calcium stearate zinc can lead to insulin resistance, and reduce expression of SREBP-1c to reduce calcium stearate, zinc levels, thereby improving insulin resistance.
Researchers crowd postprandial hyperlipidemia serum calcium stearate, zinc stearate, elevated levels of  PVC window stabilizer the molecular mechanism of high concentrations of calcium stearate, zinc stearate implications for insulin resistance and how to reduce postprandial rise high calcium stearate, zinc stearate level of in-depth research, eventually found increased calcium stearate, zinc stearate, postprandial serum insulin concentration is due to the increase of stimulated calcium stearate, hard de novo synthesis of fat and zinc palmitate direct extension (ELOVL6). By in vivo, in vitro small RNA interference techniques, the researchers confirmed that reduces SREBP-1c or ELOVL6 expression could reduce calcium stearate, zinc levels, thereby improving insulin resistance. Further comparison of the interference in the difference after two targets, they found that inhibition of expression of SREBP-1c can more effectively improve insulin resistance.

PVC stabilizer differences

Compared with other plastics , under the same conditions in the stabilization of PVC requires more significant problem . Mainly if  epoxidized soybean oil the PVC unstable , then it can not be processed and immediately sharp and severe degradation of discoloration . PVC with suitable additives and stabilizers are varied, so that the development of the industrial sector into a special . Which accounted for the first based on barium / Fort Worth -based organometallic compounds of lead , in addition, some of the organic stabilizer also has a certain importance . For future development , to discuss a given purpose "stable compound" possibilities. Factors affecting the  PVC foaming board stabilizer degradation of polyvinyl chloride as a thermal decomposition activation energy minimum ( except than polyvinyl alcohol ) , so that its special stabilization is very essential . Whether fast (processing ) or slow (aging ) thermal degradation , the degradation process the most obvious feature is the presence of oxygen in the air , with automatic catalytic dehydrochlorination nature " '] . Due to the complex ions and Plasticizer for PVC  free based chemical process , reconciliation set PVC action by gathering damage mountains . multicollinearity play double generation and Springboard base by base and oxidation caused a color change in the Ming and mechanical properties of trace metals, particularly iron and zinc will accelerated degradation male . terminal group of the polymer additive material and the reaction is also a great shadow ...